On the sidewalk bleeding Essay

Don’t judge a book by its cover. We all grow up listening and trying to live day in and day out following the metaphorical phrase. For most of us, this idiom means little however; Evan Hunter uses a character from On the Sidewalk Bleeding to influence the reader of its importance Andy is a young gang member growing up in the rough neighborhood of The Bronx. As a result, the attraction of membership leads Andy to join The Royals, a gang represented by a bright purple jacket. We are first made aware of Andy just after a rival gang member has fatally stabbed him. It is made clear to us that Andy is no stranger towards violence and gang culture even at his young age. He thought to himself â€Å"That was a fierce rumble, they got me good that time† indicating that fighting is a common occurrence for him that he is still unaware of how serious the stab wound is. As Andy lays helpless down a dark alleyway, we are made aware of three groups of public denying Andy help, a direct result of this appearance and his relationship with the gang culture. Most notably, one young couple is felt inclined to leave Andy helpless. The couple’s first reaction in finding Andy was â€Å"He’s a Royal† demonstrating the immediate prejudice. This is again reinforced when they leave him to die due to his gang connections, suggesting that because of this, he doesn’t deserve to get help. â€Å"We help him and the Guardians will be down our necks† It is also made clear that the Guardians are another rival gang. This is confirmed when Andy comments about these gangs being â€Å"two of the biggest† As the couple flee the scene, Andy thinks to himself, â€Å"Why are they afraid of the Guardians? I’ve never turkeyed out of a rumble with the Guardians† The emphasizing how Andy is no stranger to violence. However, Hunter positions the reader to understand what is beneath the purple jacket. Hunter demonstrates how Andy is simply a young and impulsive boy therefore is inclined to make poor decisions. In the first paragraph, Hunter uses the word ‘boy’ twice and also makes reference to his age, 16. The author’s intention is to create sympathy for Andy. He does this successfully because we relate the word ‘boy’ to someone who is young and naà ¯ve. The  reference to his age convinces us that everyone is inclined to make mistakes, especially at his age. Andy made one poor decision and he should not lose his life be cause of it. Hunter also reveals how Andy is a kind and caring person. The positive personality is evident when Andy talks about his girlfriend Laura, and his hopes and plans for his future with her. â€Å"Someday he would marry Laura, someday he would marry her and have lots of kids, and then move out of the neighborhood† Though this we learn how this gang member ship is just a phase that Andy is going through and how he wants to start a clean project with good opportunities. We also see how Andy believes in traditional values, not the norm of a gang member. This is further emphasized when we see him put Laura’s needs first â€Å"He wondered if Laura would be angry† Andy is also revealed as tenacious and determined, which are qualities that we admire. He realizes that â€Å"they had only stabbed the jacket and the title† Because of this, Andy was driven to take the jacket off, so when he was found, he would not be seen as a Royal, but just Andy. Andy’s determination is shown when he fights the pain just to remove his jacket. â€Å"With great effort, he rolled over onto his back. He felt great pain tearing at his stomach when he moved† Hunter also uses the verbs â€Å"squirmed and fought and twisted† These verbs have great impact on the reader because it develops our appreciation of just how determined and tenacious Andy is. Andy has taught us a very important lesson in the short story On the Sidewalk Bleeding. He has demonstrated how we are not all synonymous to our appearance. Evan Hunter conveys this throughout the text influencing us to understand how maybe we are inclined to make unsafe judgments based on appearances, or is it in our power to prevent it.

Death of a Salesman Essay Essay

The play ‘Death Of A Salesman’, the brainchild of Arthur Miller was transformed and fitted to the movie screen in the year 1986. The play itself is set in the house of Willy Loman, and tells the melancholy story of a salesman whom is in deep financial trouble, and the only remedy for the situation is to commit suicide. In the stage production of this tale, the specific lighting, set, and musical designs really give the story a strong undertow of depression. And logically the screen and stage productions both differ greatly in regards to the mood they set. Moreover the movie production can do many things that just cannot be done on stage, with reference to the setting of course. To generalize, the play gives us a good hard look at the great American Dream failing miserably. However the combination of both the stage and screen productions accurately depict the shortcomings of the capitalist society. Death of a Salesman specifically focuses on four characters, the first being the main character Willy Loman, his wife Linda, and their two sons Hap and Biff Loman. As mentioned, the focal point of this play is Willy Loman, a salesman in his early sixties. Throughout the story we are told the hard life, emotions and triumphs of Willy the salesman. Early in the play we learn that he has recently been demoted to working for commission, which later in the play,(on par with his luck) translates into Willy getting fired. As the plot unfolds we discover that Willy had a rich brother who recently died named Ben, whom Willy looked upon with great admiration for becoming extremely wealthy and the ripe old age of 21. However Willy also becomes very depressed when Ben leaves, the fact being that he re-realizes the meagerness of his own life, and that he is still making payments on all of his possessions. Willy then comprehends that by the time his worldly possessions are paid for†¦they shall no longer be of any use. For example, the Loman house has become virtually unnecessary now that the two sons have moved out. It isn’t until after Willy’s death that the final mortgage payment is made†¦.for a house with no one inside it. The one example of this statement is given by Linda during the final paragraph of the play, ‘I made the last payment on the house today. Today, dear. And there will be nobody home. We’re free and clear†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.we’re free†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.we’re free†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦we’re free’ As the plot thickens, Willy the salesman plummets deeper and deeper into depression until his most likely route of action, which of course is suicide. However the reasoning behind this course of action, we find, is his genuine love for his family, along with Willy’s deep longing to supply his family with as much money as he can possibly get his hands on. As we learn more about Willy’s trials and tribulations, the age old expression ‘like father like son’ appears out of nowhere like a beacon. Like his father, Willy’s son Biff also has some problems of his own, the main one being that Biff cannot seem to find his niche in life. Furthermore, we are told that Biff at one point did in fact have his future all planned out. It turns out that Biff was a shoe-in for a position on the University Of Virginia State football team. However, that chance was all but lost when Biff did not qualify to pass his final mathematics course. Now as you can imagine the fact that Biff had to explain this to his father was quite a large problem in itself. But to add insult to injury, when Biff made the trip to Boston to explain his mathematical dilemma, he is horrified to find that his father has been with another women. And this one incident would leave Biff being an entirely different person altogether. He didn’t even make an attempt to finish his math in summer school. After Boston, Biff couldn’t have cared less what happened to his own life. However, as is in life, out of something horrible comes something worthy. And Biff finally comes to the realization that he in fact wants to make his future. And that future entails working in the outdoors on a farm. The other reasoning behind this life decision is of course, is to go against the wishes and values that his father has tried to instill in Biff his entire life. Biff pours his heart to his brother Hap one quarter through act I. †¦..’To devote your whole life to keeping stock, or making phone calls, or selling or buying. To suffer fifty weeks a year for the sake of a two week vacation, when all you really desire is to be outdoors, with your shirt off †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Fortunately for Biff, he determines his future by the play’s conclusion. He comes to the understanding that he and Willy were never meat to be business men. Including that they were intended to be working on a farm with their hands. And after vexing to procure Hap to come with him (which is to no avail), he escapes from his home to continue on with the rest of his life. Which for Biff seems to be the soundest choice, the decision that Willy just couldn’t make. Hap on the other hand stays with his father, and at play’s end decides to follow in Willy’s footsteps. That of course is to succeed at business at all costs. Both the stage and screen rendition utilize a melange of distinct effects to set the tone and to enact the specific place where the action transpires. For example the stage interpretation utilizes a unique convention that involves walking through the set to delineate circumstances in the past, or episodes going on inside the mind of Willy. This illusion can be easily created with specific crossfades and musical underlay, and of course willing suspension of disbelief. Divergently, in the screen production the set is obviously utilized in a completely different manner. On that account the movie uses a distinct fading and brightening lighting technique, that still stays true to the conventions set forth by the playwright. The one device that the screen production contains that the stage does not, is the ability to display the past events of Willy’s life in a completely accurately set manner. Meaning when there is a flashback to a previous happening, the setting travels back in time as well. Which, from a certain perspective, better illustrates the past recollections of Willy and his family. As mentioned the stage production successfully employs music to delineate certain characters or the tone of that particular instant. There is in fact music used in the movie, however it is only a small aspect of the screen medium whereas it is an integral component of the stage version. Although you cannot fully comprehend the importance of the music by simply reading the play, it must be performed right in front of you.. While the movie gives you a generally decent feel for the musical intonation. In its entirety the music does an excellent job of setting the mood that Willy is in. The play is set inside the house of Willy Loman. Surrounding his house are some tall building that are quite visible on the edges of the set. The house itself contains two bedrooms, a living room and a kitchen. This is also where the majority of the action of the play takes place. All other action happens outside the house lines. Which for a stage audience requires them to suspend their disbelief even further. Whereas in a movie the viewer isn’t required to stretch any of his or her imaginations. Although this particular screen production utilized a uncommon convention that allowed the viewer to actually see through the set. One other interesting convention used by the designer was that there was no roof on the house at certain times during the performance. And in place of the roof were huge buildings and skyscrapers. These buildings were used to divulge a over-powering feeling of gloom. This tool is much more effectual in the movie, due to its original and abstract nature. This was also was very helpful during Willy’s dreams, on account of the house would exude an aura of peace an tranquillity. Together with the prevalent set in the movie, (where there is a roof and normal fencing), the idea is very well perceived. In spite of the fact that this play has been described as a modern tragedy, there has been some controversy to that description. The reason being that it does not accompany the standard protocol of tragedy. Traditionally speaking, a tragedy usually begins with the main character in the midst of a prominent position of piety. And over the course of the play becomes transformed and that character flips to a lower level of status. A tragedy is also reputed to acquaint its audience with regard to life. The audience should leave a tragedy feeling virtuous about themselves, even though the tragedy concludes on a note of melancholy. This is why scholars say they cannot include this play in the definition of tragedy. This famous tale of a salesman contains a singular main character; Willy (The Salesman)Loman, his two strapping young lads Happy and Biff, and of course his adoring wife Linda. Willy struggles to climb his way up the American capitalist hierarchy, but its seems his ship will not come in. In spite of the fact that Willy would much rather be laboring with his hands, he is set  in the mindset that his real love could never make enough money. Disappointment after disappointment Willy decides that his only way to provide for his family would be to commit suicide. The number one son of the salesman, Biff, is paving his way for a discouraging life. Symbolically speaking, the character of Biff represents Willy at a younger age, for they both carry the same characteristics. However Biff is given the same chance to do something with his life, and surprisingly enough he takes it. As for Willy’s other son, Happy decides that he will take the same long, hard road as his father, only he t hinks that he’ll make it. The Character of Willy Loman seem to be the consummate model to illustrate the dissension of the American capitalist ideals. For example he is a salesman who dons an aged suit that is ceaselessly creased during the course of the screen production, moreover in the script is directed to appear dilapidated. He drive an archaic, run down vehicle on the brink of extinction. While on the contrary, a proper salesman must appear presentable and attractive to market his goods. And Willy definitely does not harmonize with the ideals of being a salesman, divergently he pains to match it. Moreover that is the reason why he doesn’t belong inside the world of business. As exemplified in the passage made by Biff in the requiem. ‘When he’d come from a trip; or on Sundays, making the stoop†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.You know something Charley, there’s more of him in that front stoop than in all the sales he ever made.’ This story seems to epitomize the frivolity of agonizing to achieve something as insignificant as money and power. It definitely makes one question the social values of the American capitalist system, and why certain individual continue to pursue the ideals of that system on a daily basis. For the downside to the capitalist dream is hopelessness. And that downside is more than apparent in the Loman family. Quote on page one: Death of A Salesman, Arthur Miller, Viking Penguin Inc. 1949, Pg.139 Quote on page two: Death of A Salesman, Arthur Miller, Viking Penguin Inc. 1949, Pg.22 Quote on page four: Death of A Salesman, Arthur Miller, Viking Penguin Inc. 1949, Pg.138

Reflection and Evaluation of Technologies Such As XML and Flash Lab Report

Reflection and Evaluation of Technologies Such As XML and Flash - Lab Report Example The text is always divided into a couple of noninteracting sets: markup, which are all the tags, comments, processing instructions, entity references, character references, CDATA section delimiters, XML declarations, text declarations, document type declarations, and white space outside the root element; and, character data which is consisted by the rest of elements in the XML document. (Harold 2003, p. xxi) Fundamentally, XML offers an excellent framework in structuring data, based on hierarchical representations and is capable to represent the structured, unstructured and semi structured data. (Shen 2006, p. 112) Today, it is the standard used by W3C for document exchange over the Internet. In terms of explaining XML as an application, it is important to underscore that, fundamentally, the language was developed as some standard for information interchange on the Internet that is why it is essentially an application in itself. An interesting fact, however, was that XML is valued mo re as an element in another application or rather its derivatives such as Atom, Rich Site Summary (RSS), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), ebXML and XHTML, among others, can be integrated as an added value to an application. RSS is an excellent example. RSS can enhance a website’s functionality by enabling the owner or site administrator to announce whatever changes made on the site as well as other information that may constitute marketing, promotions, public service announcements, and so forth. All in all, XML-based applications are platforms for easy documents management and data integration. As such, it allows publishers to tailor and structure documents in a simple way. It is also very popular owing to the fact that it is an industry standard as well as to the fact that the tools and resources for it are large, including numerous XML parsers, browsers and editors. The language is being used across the globe, working well with the Internet and most of its applications . However, XML is weak on automated processing libraries as well as its ability in terms of verbosity, wherein documents are mainly in plain text and could include an overwhelming number of markup tags. In addition, the language can be difficult to learn as well. There is also no guarantee that XML can be the universal solution for data integration as well as in unifying formats because the language has its limitations as well. In evaluating XML-based applications, it is important to return to the language’s objectives – it was designed for simple, fast and structured data integration and management. Therefore, these factors should be the main criteria in assessing its efficacy. Whether in measuring XML-based applications or XML-derivatives used as elements in other applications, evaluation must focus on performance: How a particular application retrieves, evaluates, modify data as well as how it conforms to industry standards, particularly in terms of structural aspec ts of XML documents. Flash As the Internet and computing technology become more sophisticated day after day, their users’ experience becomes more enhanced, intuitive, sophisticated and simple. It is like information technology developers are in constant quest to develop rich content that are delivered in fast and simple ways. When in the

Global Economic Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global Economic Crisis - Essay Example In the fiscal dominion, the reserves would diminish taxes and enhance communal expenditure at the possibility of finances deficits, not merely to enlarge the disposable revenues of the community subsequently that they will expend extra, but moreover to force-prime the economy from side to side increased government expenses that would engage inthe private segment drooping. A suitable foreign exchange rate strategy underneath such conditions would be to choose for a feeble currency, intended first and foremost at external requirement, as this would provide exports spirited and deflect domestic requirement missing from imports to local alternatives. Where monetary along with fiscal procedures do not work sound, the foreign exchange ratio instrument can assist, but there were no restrictions resting on exchange rate modification. Thus, an exchange rate depreciation or reduction would raise demand for a nation's products together at house and overseas by bringing about exports despicable and imports valuable. By means of all three chief policy mechanisms, specifically monetary, fiscal in addition to exchange rate, spinning under serious sedation, the probability of a rapid upturn are fairly thin. The inscriptions on the mass thus recommend that the disaster will affix around for as a minimum two years, if not elongated. Though, a number of of the very distinctiveness of fiscal policy scorned through its critics in fact raise its expediency in the source of expansion. In actual fact, specifically for the reason that fiscal policy is intensely political, improved fiscal policy be able to add to democratic strengthen (moreover vice versa). The functioning of a country's fiscal structure gives a picture of the social convention that associates its government as well as its general public. Widely offered goods with services of realistic quantity along with quality intended for the one part, and crystal clear and developmental tax scheme intended for the other, are symbols of a healthy social development. These two elements walk off hand in hand: if community goods for example fitness, education and transportation are in short supply near to the ground-quality or unevenly provided, the societal contract is destabilized. Citizens' awareness that taxes and expenditures are reasonable and well-organized-call it fiscal authenticity-are intimately associated to the authenticity of democratic system itself. Monetary policy remains a significant policy switch. The predictions integrate a considerable lessening in policy rates, even though the efficiency of interest proportion decline to sustain activity is probable to be controlled provided that financial circumstances remain dislocate. By means of interest rates looming zero in numerous foremost countries, central banks are discovering substitute policy methods that depend on applying their balance sheets to alleviate monetary environment further. The spotlight should be on disengaging key (towering-spread, stumpy -liquidity) credit marketplaces. World development is predictable to go down to percent in 2009, its deprived rate ever since World War II. Despite extensive- variety policy proceedings, financial strains continue acute, pulling downward the actual economy. A persistent

Immigration Policy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Immigration Policy - Coursework Example The essence and necessity of reforming the immigration sector in the US cannot be overemphasized. Most of the immigrants in the US fall short of the technical competence and skills required to ensure growth (Flannery, 2014). The immigration reforms should focus on providing visas to individuals who have the skills in engineering, science and other technical areas as a consequence of ensuring productivity. Most sectors of the American economy depend on the people who have technological and innovative skills capable of redefining growth in key sectors of the economy (Kramer, 2014). Unfortunately, most of the immigrants in the US are less productive and more established in the informal sectors other than the mainstream economical zones. Growth is directly correlated to the technical ability and skills of individuals in various sectors. Statistics have shown that scientists, engineers and programmers are responsible for growth that have been experienced in the US over the past few years (Kramer, 2014). It is, therefore, important to reform the immigration to ensure that skilled individuals are given a priority in terms of visa presentation. Flannery, N.P. (2014, March 24). Can corporate leaders push through immigration reform in 2014? Forbes. Retrieved from . Kramer, H. (2014, February 11). How immigration reform or lack thereof is hurting our economic competitiveness. Forbes. Retrieved

HR Management Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HR Management 2 - Assignment Example Statistics show that today’s workforce is decreasing at alarming rates. Within the next ten years, labor shortfalls of up to 10 million workers are expected in the United States (Leibold and Voelpel 22). Because of a potentially smaller workforce, there will be challenges in recruiting qualified job seekers to fill vacant positions (Walker, Feild, Giles, and Bernerth 619). In order to attract the right person for the job, it is crucial to have key job expectations already in place so the applicant knows exactly what they are getting themselves into. If you need someone to carry out a series of jobs, then it is important to detail all this in the interview room. If the job instructions are not explained in-depth, then you will likely hire someone who only meets some of your expectations (Vielhaber and Camp 40). However, if a manager chooses to explain the job duties only during the interview, then the job hiring process can be slowed down as potential candidates may not be suit able for the job. This in turn costs the business through lost opportunities and additional recruiting costs. These failures can be seen from the very beginning—designing the job (Rao). The ideal time to define the job tasks that are required is before the applicant turns up for an interview. Then, the job seeker can query any confusing job requirements during the interview. This is otherwise known as a job description. ... To determine whether or not these responsibilities are carried out in an effective manner, performance standards need to be created. Performance standards indicate what the job accomplishes and how performance is measured in key areas of the job description (Mathis and Jackson 156). The reason that these performance standards are included is so employees can know what is expected of them. If they gain this knowledge beforehand, it is more likely that they will be able to perform the job to a high standard. A usual job description contains a number of components: identification, general summary, essential functions and duties, job specifications, and disclaimer and approvals (Mathis and Jackson 157). Identification is made up of the title of the job, who to report to, department, location, pay grade, and possible compensation. The general summary is a short description of the responsibilities and components specific to a particular job. Essential functions and duties are definitive st atements on the major tasks, duties, and responsibilities that need to be performed. Job specifications are defined as knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs), education and experience, and physical requirements and working conditions (Mathis and Jackson 157). Disclaimer and approvals contain signatures from the manager that allows employers to change employees’ job duties. Employers need to show that their employment procedures are related to the job requirements. To determine this, employers must conduct a job analysis to classify the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) needed to be able to perform a job adequately (Mathis and Jackson 116). The three validation strategies that are used to measure this include content validity, criterion-related validity, and

Issues involving the implementation of mobile learning technologies Essay

Issues involving the implementation of mobile learning technologies - Essay Example Considering the wide span and quick progress of technology over the last decade, it goes without saying that there are multiple forms where technology can be used to foster student learning, be it distant or in-campus education. This far-reaching potential of technology constitutes synchronous and asynchronous learning (Piskurich, 2003). The first term is similar to what’s conventionally the class-room learning, where the students or participants are present and real-time lecture delivery takes place. The use of technology here is in various forms, such as e-meeting, e-conference (video/tele-conference), virtual classrooms, radio technology and live streaming etc. Asynchronous is a kind of passive form of distant learning, which allows the student or participant to access lecture notes and study material at their own convenience. The schedule here is more flexible for the student, who may take notes whenever possible for them. The means used here are email, audio or video reco rdings, print materials, message board forums etc. (Belanger & Jordan, 2000). Challenges and Obstacles The basic challenge in the use of technology to foster student learning is the adaptability factor. It is a major responsibility on the part of the organization or institution to extend access as well update and enrich the resources available to a medium online or at the form of technology being used. Although the phenomenon of distant learning might be a very attractive one for institutions, and may come with positive factors like an increased enrollment, greater creativity for the faculty in their teaching techniques, supporting â€Å"education for all† slogans, cost and time saving etc., yet it possesses a plethora of challenges and obstacles which have to be covered before the long-term benefits are realized. Before a thing such as distant learning is popularized, it has to be advertised enough to the people to understand the need of it. Lack of such an understanding mig ht give a severe blow to the initiative taken and the institution could incur high losses. This involves a collective change in the perception of learning and teaching, as opposed to the traditional classroom practice. It calls for almost a revolution in this field and a major change in the administrative planning, organization and day-to-day management. More important is technology adaption, which not only involves agreeing to adapt the said phenomenon, but also calls for a huge investment and development of related infrastructure in the form of state-of-the-art technologies with consistent technological updates. Unless it is very worthwhile and/or its long term benefits are kept in view with knowledge of short term loss period, most institutions or organizations would not prefer to revert to distance learning phenomenon. This investment is not only on the part of the institution, but also the people to whom the services are intended to be delivered to. Not the same, but a fair amo unt of technological availability will be mandatory for the receptors of distant learning, which would come from their willingness to invest in it. Hence this way, it is not just an institutional

Development of the Human Placenta Research Paper

Development of the Human Placenta - Research Paper Example According to the report blastomeres are separated into two parts by the blastocystic cavity, namely the trophoblast and the inner cell mass also called as embryo blast. Implantation is the first step in the development of placenta. Approximately at 6th day after fertilization the blastocyst attaches to the endometrium and the process of implantation begins. Now the trophoblast layer of the blastocyst at the embryonic pole gets differentiated into two layers, an inner layer called cytotrophoblast and an outer layer called as syncytiotrophoblast. Syncytiotrophoblast is highly invasive and expands quickly adjacent to the embryoblast, it produces enzymes that erode the maternal tissue enabling the blastocyst to burrow into the endometrium. The endometrial cells undergo apoptosis that facilitates invasion. The process of implantation is completed by the end of second week and the blastocyst is superficially implanted in the endometrium.This essay discusses that  at about day 10 blood fi lled lacunae appear in the syncytiotrophoblast which ultimately fuse at day 12 to form the lacunar network, the   primordia of   intervillous spaces of placenta,synsytiotrophoblast erodes the endometrial capillaries and maternal blood flows into these capillaries giving rise to the primordial utero placental circulation.  Villi that attach to the maternal tissues through the cytotrophoblastic shell are termed as stem villi from which the branch villi project. The decidua basalis is divided into many cotyledons by the placental septa, formed by the primary chorionic villi during erosion of the decidua basalis by them. Each cotyledon consists of one stem villus that gives rise to many branch chorionic villi and it is through the walls of these branch villi that the actual exchange of materials between the blood of mother and fetus occurs. At 20 weeks of pregnancy complete external membrane is formed consisting of amnion, chorion and decidua. Both maternal and fetal parts of placenta play role in immunoregulation that helps to protect the fetus from immune attack by the mother as the fetal part of placenta consists of both maternal and paternal genes that is it is an allograft, still it is not rejected by the mother’s immune system because of several reasons; 1. Trophoblastic cells express on their surface class I antigens including HLA-G that are nonpolymorphic and play role in allograft protection. 2. Syncytiotrophoblast of chorionic villi do not express MHC antigens on their surface and thus do not evoke an immune response. 3. Endometrium secretes certain immunosuppressive molecules for e.g; PGE2, TGF B and IL-10. 4. Ligands present on the trophoblast induce apoptosis of activated maternal leukocytes. 5. Increased percentage of CD 8+ cells and decrease in ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was found in distant and regional lymphatic organs during pregnancy.

Let the Free

Let the Freewriting Flow Essay Peter Elbow, author of the article â€Å"Freewriting† argues that using the technique freewriting is very beneficial for writers. Freewriting is nonstop writing without correcting or checking what you’ve already written. Elbow says writers should use this exercise at least three times a week to improve their writing skills. I strongly agree with his assessment from personal use of this technique. While writing my first freewrite I realized I was less stressed, I felt like the paper displayed my character more, and I was able to share all of my ideas without losing them. We are so caught up in trying to sound educated and proper in our writings it sometimes can take away from the actual piece. Writing while under stress often turns out in a disaster, usually why my pieces of writing aren’t always the best. Just like Elbow has said the reason people get so stressed while writing is because of how we are taught throughout school â€Å"schooling makes us obsessed with the mistakes we make in writing. Many people constantly think about spelling and grammar as they try to write. I am always thinking about the awkwardness, wordiness, and general mushiness of my natural verbal product as I try to write down words† (Elbow). This is completely true, the way we are taught in school adds a great deal of stress to the writer. At the beginning of every paper I’ve ever written for school I’ve always had stress because writing was never my strong suit to begin with and the requirements made it that much harder for me to develop a paper. Giving people such high standards for writing, yet telling them to make it their own is quite difficult for the writer because they are more worried about the structure rather than the actual content of the piece. People are also under stress while writing a paper because of who could be reading their piece, audience has a major impact on how a writer constructs their paper. With freewriting though you only have to worry about yourself reading over the paper so your ideas will flow easier onto the page because you a ren’t watching what your write in fear of offending someone. You are able to fully be yourself  throughout the piece. It’s difficult to incorporate character into your writing when you have to follow so many guidelines and worry about so many different things. Elbow states in his writing that you have a voice which is the main source of power in your writing, and unfortunately that â€Å"voice is damped out by all the interruptions, changes, and hesitations between the consciousness and the page† (Elbow). If we all had the same voice and then no ones writing would really be all that special. Freewriting helps the writer to find that voice because they are writing their exact ideas without anything interrupting them. Once they are done with the freewrite they are able to go back and fix it up a little but it will still be their voice and how they felt in the first place. Elbow makes a good point at the end of his piece saying that you only have one voice and you can’t give up on that voice no matter how much you may dislike it because without it you will never be heard, and your writing will never be your own. To me making the piece your own and to actually enjoy writing it is what writing should be about. Not the grammar mist akes, or how well it all flows. It should be about your thoughts and how you feel they should be expressed into a piece of writing. If writing is considered such a personal thing then we shouldn’t be so critiqued on every little thing throughout it. It’s happened more times than not when a writer loses an idea because they were too busy checking back on a previous one and trying to make it better. Using Elbow’s freewriting technique will ensure you to never lose an idea because as soon as it pops into your head you are able to write it down, even if it doesn’t exactly belong right there. Elbow also says that his technique stops the writer from editing their piece while writing allowing the ideas to flow more easily. I know from personal experience I lose ideas constantly because I’m worried about the previous paragraph, and if it was really good enough. When I wrote my freewrite I did not lose any ideas, I was able to get exactly what I wanted to say into that piece of writing and in the end if I wanted to I was able to go back and expand on them. Peter Elbow, author of the arti cle â€Å"Freewriting† has helped me be able to form a more well developed piece of writing through his technique, freewriting. This exercise has helped me stay calmer while I write my paper and helps me to not worry about what I’m writing the entire time. I benefit from Elbow’s technique this because once all of my ideas are out on paper I am able to go back and  form them into well-developed paragraphs just like I am required to do. The requirements from professors, bosses or whoever the audience may be will prevent someone from writing the best they can and making a piece their own because they are too worried about what the audience will think of it or if it’s good enough for their standards. For anyone who has trouble with forming ideas, or gets too caught up in the editing part of the paper while still writing should try out Elbow’s exercise freewriting and they may be surprised at how well it works and how much it may help them. I know I sure was shocked at how much it helped me especially after being a little uneasy about it at first I was pleasantly surprised. The freewriting exercise is what helped me develop this paper. I sat down for about an hour and was able to get all of my ideas down with no worries about grammar errors, or my audience, all I focused on was my ideas and what I thought was best to say in this paper. After I had finished it I went back and turned the freewrite into this piece. Since it worked so well for me I will now use freewriting before I start any of my papers in the future. Citation: Elbow, Peter. Freewriting. Freewriting. Center for Learning, Teaching, Communication, and Research, n.d. Web. 28 Sept. 2014. http://faculty.buffalostate.edu/wahlstrl/eng309/Freewriting.pdf.

Number Sense, Numercay & Place Value Essay Example for Free

Number Sense, Numercay Place Value Essay Once a basic number sense has developed for numbers up to ten (see Developing Early Number Sense) a strong sense of ten needs to be developed as a foundation for both place value and mental calculations. (This is not to say that young children do not have an awareness of much larger numbers. Indeed, there is no reason why children should not explore larger numbers while working in depth on tenness). Ten-Frames Ten-Frames are two-by-five rectangular frames into which counters are placed to illustrate numbers less than or equal to ten, and are therefore very useful devices for developing number sense within the context of ten. The use of ten-frames was developed by researchers such as Van de Walle (1988) and Bobis (1988). Various arrangements of counters on the ten frames can be used to prompt different mental images of numbers and different mental strategies for manipulating these numbers, all in association with the numbers relationship to ten. For example, examine the three ten-frames below. What numbers are illustrated? What does the particular arrangement of the counters prompt you to think about the numbers? What can you say about each numbers relationship to ten? Frame A: There are five counters; perhaps seen as a sub-groups of three and two, either by looking at the clusters at either end of the frame, or by looking at the number in the top and bottom rows. Frame B: Again there are five counters; perhaps seen as three in top row and three in the bottom, or as four and one, or two and two and one. It is also noticeable that there are five empty boxes remaining, in a similar shape to the full boxes. This prompts the awareness that five and five make ten. Frame C: This arrangement strongly illustrates the idea that five and five make ten. It also suggests the idea that half of ten is five. This type of thinking would not occur if the five counters were presented without the context of the ten-frame. Plenty of activities with ten-frames will enable children to automatically think of numbers less than ten in terms of their relationship to ten, and to build a sound knowledge of the basic addition/subtraction facts for ten which are an integral part of mental calculation. For example, a six year old child, when shown the following ten-frame, immediately said, Theres eight because two are missing. This child had a strong sense of ten and its subgroups and was assisted by the frame of reference provided by the ten-frame. Once this type of thinking is established, the ten-frame is no longer needed. Although dealing with whole numbers initially, the part-part-whole thinking about numbers supports the understanding of fractions, in particular tenths. Place Value Ten is of course the building block of our Base 10 numeration system. Young children can usually read two-digit numbers long before they understand the effect the placement of each digit has on its numerical value. For example, a 5 year-old might be able to correctly read 62 as sixty-two and 26 as twenty-six, and even know which number is larger, without understanding why the numbers are of differing values. Ten-frames can provide a first step into understanding two-digit numbers simply by the introduction of a second frame. Placing the second frame to the right of the first frame, and later introducing numeral cards, will further assist the development of place-value understanding. Games Ten-Frame Flash (5-7 years) 4 players Materials: A dozen ten-frames with dot arrangements on them, a blank ten-frame for each child, counters. Rules: One child shows a ten-frame for a count of three, then hides it while the other children place counters in the same positions on their frames from memory. The flasher shows the card again and helps each child check his/her display. After three cards the next child becomes the flasher and so on, until everyone has had a turn.

Do We See With Our Eyes or Brain?

Do We See With Our Eyes or Brain? Perceiving our world may seem simple and may be taken for granted. Yet, the occipital lobes form the largest part of the cortex and are dedicated to visual perception. As light enters the pupils and hits the retina, a two dimensional image is created and sent to the occipital lobes through geniculate and striate pathways. The occipital lobes process the visual information, deciphering and generating an image which we understand. Thus it is argued that we see with our brain, not with our eyes. This essay will illustrate supporting evidence for this statement found in research of visual illusions. For instance, we will discuss the Ebbinghause illusion as well as Milner and Goodales (1995) vision for action and vision for perception model. Additionally, the Mà ¼ller-Lyer illusion as explained by Gregory (1996) will be discussed as well as the checker shadow illusion (Adelson, 1993). The Ebbinghaus illusion, is a well-known cognitive illusion whereby two circles are central to smaller or larger circles respectively. These smaller circles surround the central circle. While both central circles are the same diameter, the surrounding circles provide a context which confused our perception of the size of these central circles. Thus, we perceive the central circles to be different in size (Giusberti, Cornoldi, De Beni, Massironi 1998). Milner and Goodale (1995) suggested the existence of two different visual systems in the brain which fulfil different functions. One system is for vision for action and guides motor actions through the dorsal pathway. This system is active when grasping for items. The second system is vision for perception through the ventral pathway, and controls perception and object recognition (Goodale Milner, 1992). Supporting the notion of two visual systems, studies (Aglioti, DeSouza, Goodale, 1995; Vishton, 2004) have shown that participants asked to grasp the central circles in the an Ebbinghaus illusion fashioned from physical disc objects, the scale of their grip aperture was not affected by the illusion and the effect of illusion on their misjudgement of size decreased. However, this theory has been challenged (Franz, Fahle, Bulthoff, Gegenfurtner, 2001; Smeets Brenner, 2006) by contradictory findings reporting no dissociation between action and perception, and which have found grasping to be insensitive to the illusion. Rose Bressan (2002) state that no single hypothesis has yet sufficiently explain the mechanism behind the Ebbinghaus illusion. The Mà ¼ller-Lyer illusion contains two lines of equal length which appear to be unequal when an inward and outward directed angle is placed at the ends. The line with inward pointing angle appears to be longer whereas the line with outward pointing angle appears to be shorter. Gregory (1966) suggests that although what we see is a two dimensional parallel line, our brain uses its knowledge of the third dimension to erroneously add information to the stimuli resulting in our interpretation that one line is longer than the other. Size constancy is explained as the brains ability to estimate size (Weidner, Boers, Mathiak, Dammers, Fink, 2010). The visual system is able to acquire a stable perceived size, despite the fact the image reflected on the retina changes (Sperandio, Chen, Goodale, 2014). We therefore perceive an image created by our brain by a combination of the retinal image size and distance information. The checker shadow illusion (Adelson,1993) relates to our perception of colour and brightness. Visual information processed by our occipital lobes is continually adjusted and colours perceived are due to the interpretation of our surroundings. The illusion is created from a chessboard with varying dark and light squares. In the right top corner is a cylinder which reflects its shadow on the board. Two squares are marked with â€Å"A† and â€Å"B† on the chessboard. Square â€Å"A† is a dark square outside of the cylinder’s shadow. Square â€Å"B† is a light square under the shadow of the cylinder. Square â€Å"A† is perceived as darker than â€Å"B†. However, they are exactly the same colour. Adelson (1993) provides two levels of explanation for this illusion. As per the visual system explanation, cues are used to identify the changes in brightness due to shadows. One of these cues are the local contrasts, the squares on the chessboard are darker and lighter. The light coloured square â€Å"B† is surrounded by dark squares and it appears to be lighter compared to its surroundings, although it is darker due to the shadow. The second cue is variation due to the shadow which has soft edges. The visual system tends to ignore the slight brightness changes, also the object casting the shadow is visible. Hence, the colour variation of the squares with sharp edges is interpreted by our occipital lobes as changes in surface colour. A more general explanation provided by Adelson (1993) suggests it is important to break down the larger image into smaller meaningful components to see the essence of the objects. The phenomena of visual illusions provide a good examples of the limitation of visual perception. Moreover, it indicates that the brain adds information such as depth cues to the raw visual input from our eyes to make sense of the 2 dimensional retinal images. For instance, as with the Ebbinghaus illusion, the human brain combines context information naturally. The neighbouring smaller and larger circles impact on our judgement of size resulting in the central circles to appear different in size when this is not the case. Goodale and Milner (1994) hypothesized the Ebbinghaus illusion to result from double dissociation between grasping and shape perception. Furthermore, the Mà ¼ller-Lyer illusion (Gregory, 1968) suggests the brain adds knowledge of third dimension cues to 2 dimensional retinal images. The explanation based on size constancy refers to the brain reinterpreting the scene based on the assumption that inward angles appears to be closer and hence the line appears to be sho rter. Adelsons (1993) checker shadow illusion provides multiple explanations. As per the visual system theory, cues of brightness from the chessboard and shadow, sharp and soft edges of contrast lead to a perceived change in surface colour. While we see with our eyes in the sense that information enters the visual system via this aperture, it is our brain’s occipital lobes which process this information. The examples provided from visual illusions provide supporting evidence of this process. References Adelson, E. H. (1993) Perceptual organization and the judgement of brightness. Science, 262(5142), 2042-2045. Aglioti, S., DeSouza, J. F., Goodale, M.A. (1995). Size-contrast illusions deceive the eye but not the hand. Current Biology, 5, 679–685. Franz, V. H., Fahle, M., Bulthoff, H. H., Gegenfurtner, K. R. (2001). Effects of visual illusions on grasping. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27, 1124-1144. Giusberti, F., Cornoldi, C., De Beni, R., Massironi, M. (1998). Perceptual Illusions in Imagery, European Psychologist, 3(4), 281-288. Goodale, M. A., Milner, A. D. (1992). Separate visual pathways for perception and action. Trends in Neurosciences, 15, 20–25. Gregory, R. L. (1966). Eye and Brain, The psychology of seeing. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson . Haart, O., Grace, E., Carey, D. P., Milne, A. B. (1999). More thoughts on perceiving and grasping the Mà ¼ller–Lyer illusion. Neuropsychologia, 37(13), 1437-1444. Milner, A. D., Goodale, M. A. (1995). The visual brain in action. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Rose, D., Bressan, P. (2002). Going round in circles: shape effects in the Ebbinghouse Illusion, Spatial Vision,15(2), 191–203. Smeets, J. B., Brenner, E. (2006). 10 years of illusions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32, 1501–1504. Sperandio, I., Chen, J., Goodale, M. (2014). Electrophysiological correlates of size constancy. Journal of Vision, 14(10), 146-146. Vishton, P. M. (2004). Human vision focuses on information relevant to a task, to the detriment of information that is not relevant. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 27(1), 53-54. Weidner, R., Boers, F., Mathiak, K., Dammers, J. Fink, G. R. (2010). The temporal dynamics of the Mà ¼ller-Lyer illusion. Cerebral Cortex, 20(7), 1586-1595. The effect of recall latency on primacy and recency effect in a word recall test. SID1250948, STU1250948 Anglia Ruskin University Word count for report 2: Abstract This present study investigates the recency effect in the presence of distracter task which stands in line with the Atkinson and Shiffrin multi store memory model. The serial position effect was observed where 132 randomly selected people were asked to recall simple words in a series of six rounds which included three distracting tasks. A recency effect was observed in the presence of a distracter task. As with previous studies of recency effect was observed contradicting the predictions of the multi store model. The result of the report is in contrast with the findings of Bjork and Whitten (1970), as they revealed that the interpolated basic mathematics task which creates delay, still resulted in striking recency effect. Introduction In free word recall test, the serial position effect produced provides support for the multi store model of memory as it was previously investigated (Deese Kauffman, 1957, Glanzer Kunitz 1966). Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) explain the U-shape of the serial position as the primacy effect is due to the first words being transferred to the long-term memory and the recency effect emerges from the short-term memory. Higher recall initially occurs due to participants rehearsing of the words at the beginning of the list, allowing encoding these words into long term memory. The decline of the U shape occurs due to insufficient rehearsal time while exceeding the capacity of short term memory which is 7 -+2 as per Miller’s (1976) findings. However when testing the primacy and recency effects with delayed recall, Whitten and Bjork (1974) found a striking effect of recency during the distraction condition of a free word recall test, thus contradicting the predictions of the multi store model Atkinson and Shiffrin (1960) and suggestions of Rundus (1971). The present aims to assess the prediction of the Atkinson Shiffrin multi store model in relation to recency effect in the presence of distracting task prior to word recall. Based on the multi store model it is hypothesized that there will be higher percentage of word recall earlier in the list for immediate recall condition thus demonstrating a primacy effect. Furthermore it is predicted that there will be a lower percentage of word recalled after distraction task demonstrating a lack of recency effect. Methods Design A repeated measures experiment was performed using a free word recall test. Recall latency was our 2 level independent variable (immediate recall, and delayed recall at 30 seconds). Percentage of word recalled was our dependent variable. Procedure Participants completed the free word recall test, consisting of 6 lists. Each list contained 12 emotionally neutral words. Words were displayed for 2 seconds with 3 seconds interval. Upon display completion, participants were instructed to recall and write down as many words as possible. Every second list contained a distracter task where participants were asked to perform 10 simple arithmetic exercises lasting a total of 30 seconds. Participants could proceed with the next word list once they could not recall any more words. Participants Two hundred and sixty-four students from Anglia Ruskin University were randomly contacted via Students Records. Every second person was recruited into the experimental sample providing a total of 132 participants (30 males) aged 18 to 44 years old (M= 19.87). Participant received course credits for taking part in the experiment. All participants were given written consent and the experiment was approved by the ethics committee of the university. Materials The experiment was performed in an Information Technology classroom providing participants with desktop computers to display word lists. The 6 emotionally neutral word lists each consisted of 12 one to two syllable words. The arithmetic exercises provided as a delay task consisted of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division with numbers below 100. Participants were supplied with a pen and answering sheet. Results The primacy effect was more prevalent for both immediate word recall (M=55.49, SD=33.36) and delayed recall (M=42.92, SD=33.36) than the recency effect for immediate recall (M=48.85, SD=31.37) and delayed recall (M=35.51, SD=31.37). Testing hypothesis 1, a repeated measures t-test was performed comparing primacy (M= 49.20, SD= 24.10) and recency (M= 42.18, SD= 21.81) effect regardless of recall latency. A significant difference was observed demonstrating a larger effect of primacy on percentage of words recalls, t(263)= 4.37, p There was a significant difference in the scores for primacy effect immediate and primacy effect delayed conditions (t(132)=3.45, p A significant difference was also found in recency effect between scores for immediate and delayed conditions (t(132)=3.95, p Discussion A higher percentage of words were recalled at start than at the end of the word list providing support for our first hypothesis that a primacy effect would be more prevalent than a recency effect. Our second hypothesis was also supported as the percentage of word recall at the start and end of the word lists were both reduced by the distractor task lowering the effect of both primacy and recency. Our findings stand in line with Bjork and Whitten (1974). Differences between Bjork Whitten study for instance, our study employed 132 participants compared to their 20, reflecting the higher statistic power of our analyses. Furthermore, Bjork and Whittens distractor task lasted for 12 second compared to our 30 seconds. As such our distractor task would exceed the time of the short term memory (Miller, 1954) while Bjork Whitten’s distractor would not allowing for a greater effect of recency. Our experiment provided additional support (Rundus, 1971) for Atkinson Schiffrin’s m ulti store model. Our results reflect theoretical predictions based in the model regarding primacy effect as words are transferred to long term memory via rehearsal. Moreover, while a recency effect can be observed this is greatly reduced by a distractor task which fully occupies the capacity of the short term memory hindering recall. We suggest that further experiments be conducted exploring the effect of varying types of distractor task on short term memory. This is suggested due to assertions of the Baddley and Hitch working memory model whereby short term memory processes are split under phonological and visuo-spatial ones. References Atkinson, R. C., Shiffrin, R. M., (1968). Human memory: a proposed system and its control processes. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Bjork, R. A., Whitten, W. B. (1974). Recency-Sensitive Retrieval Process in Long-term Free Recall. Cognitive Psychology, 6, 173-189. Deese, J., Kaufman, R. A. (1954). Serial Position effects on recall of unorganized and sequentially organized verbal material. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54, 180-187. Glenberg, A. M., Bradley, M. M., Kraus, T. A., Renzaglia, G. J., Shiffrin, R. M. (1983). Studies of the long-term recency effect: Support for a contextually guided retrieval hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 9(2), 231-255. Glanzer, M., Cunitz, A. R. (1966). Two Storage Mechanisms in Free Recall, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 5, 351-360. Kurbat, M. A., Shevell, S. K., Rips, L. J. (1998). A years memories: the calendar effect in autobiographical recall. Memory cognition, 26(3), 532-552. Miller, G. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. The Psychological Review, 63(2), 81–97. Rundus, D., (1971). Analysis of rehearsal processes in free recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology 89 (1), 63–77. from results: Two further repeated measures t-tests were conducted comparing the effect of primacy and recency in immediate recall and delayed recall. from intro: Rundus (1971) also found evidence which supports that when words which are presented first are rehearsed more often, allowing them to move to long term memory. Rundus suggests if the recall is delayed by a distracting activity which lasts longer than the capacity of the short-term memory, the recency effect is cancelled.

How to Speech :: essays research papers

How to Assemble an Easter Basket Video Title page: How to Assemble an Easter Basket 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, WS: Instructor gives an introduction. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, CU: Basket in shot by itself. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, MS: Instructor holds up basket and speaks. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Side, MS: Instructor speaks about first step. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Side, CU: Instructor’s hands put pink Easter grass into Easter basket. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, CU: Easter basket is shown with pink Easter grass inside it. 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, MS: Instructor speaks about the main ingredients of the Easter basket, candy and Easter eggs that sit on table. 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, CU: Instructor points to the candy and Easter eggs, with one open and shows how to stuff the egg with candy. 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, CU: Instructor places candy and eggs into basket. 10.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, CU: Easter basket is shown with candy and eggs inside it. 11.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diagonal, MS: Instructor holds up the last item to go into the Easter basket, the little bunny. 12.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diagonal, CU: Instructor places little bunny inside basket. 13.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Top, CU: Shot of pink grass. 14.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Top, CU: Shot of candy and Easter eggs. 15.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Top, CU: Shot of little bunny. 16.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Front, WS: Instructor closes while holding the Easter basket towards the camera. Fade to Black Audio Theme music up full and out. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hi, my name is --------, and today I’m going to show you how to assemble a basic Easter basket. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, you must pick just the right basket. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This one looks good to me. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first step in assembling the Easter basket is pink Easter grass. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Place the pink grass into the basket, and make sure to fluff it. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Here’s what your basket should look like after the pink grass. 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Next, the Easter basket needs candy and Easter eggs. 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You can find plastic Easter eggs at your local Wal-Mart, and you want to open the egg, place the candy inside, and close it back together. These two eggs already have candy. 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Put the candy and Easter eggs into the basket. 10.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Make sure and spread out the candy and eggs so it looks even and nice.

Japanese Economy Essay example -- essays papers

Japanese Economy The Japanese economy is the second largest in the world, behind only the American economy. As such, its decade long downward slide has many lessons the American economy can learn from. The difference between the economies is one of degree, not type. Our own economy has been faltering of late, bringing fear of recession. The Japanese have been on that road for over ten years, and of late have been making aggressive moves towards a restructuring. This paper will look at the types of reforms planned in the Japanese economy, and more importantly if these reforms will be enough to pull a modern economy from the doldrums. The current state of the Japanese economy has much to do with a failure to adjust. In post-WWII Japan the country's economy experienced a "bubble economy". This era of high growth is very similar to that which the American economy experienced after WWII. A booming population and a new focus on industry were mostly responsible for the unprecedented growth in both countries. In the mid-1980's, Japan's central bank reduced prime interest rates in response to what was then considered a moderate slowing. This lowering wasn't enough to give the economy a chance at sustained growth, as it wasn't combined with robust reform. Japanese banks took advantage of the low rates, and began taking on massive debt. The slowdown never truly stopped, though there were quarters of greater growth. Though the economy grew by one percent on average, the combination of out of control debt and little population growth led the economy down a path of ever slowing growth. Today this debt, coupled with dis trust of banks by depositors, has held back even the most well though out and well intentioned reform. Simply put, no restructuring can lead to real gains if the banks continue to fall behind on debt payments. In April, the normally optimistic Central Bank of Japan issued a report downgrading its forecast for the Japanese economy, the third straight month it has done so. This was also the first report since September 1995 that the admitted that the economy is in a state of deflation. Deflation is the lowering of prices, and leads to lower corporate profits across the board. Deflation has a crippling effect on an economy, and demands an immediate and strong response. The report attributed this most recent downturn to lower industria... ...k governor, Masaru Hayami, said growth has come to a standstill because of slowing exports. Worried about the stagnant economy, the Bank of Japan moved to push interest rates to zero last month. It decided to keep such monetary policy unchanged at a meeting Friday. Exports have long been the driving force behind Japan's economic growth. But the cooling U.S. economy has dampened demand for Japanese exports. Japan unveiled an emergency package earlier this month that set a two-year deadline for major banks to dispose of their riskiest bad loans estimated at $104 billion. The non-performing loans -- a leftover from the collapse of Japan's easy-lending conditions of the late 1980s and early 1990s -- have crippled the nation's economy. The April report pointed to five key areas of the economy that remain troubled -- industrial output, corporate profitability, business sentiment, employment and housing construction. Late last year, Japan set a target of 1.7 percent growth for fiscal 2001 through the end of next March. But some economists believe the forecast is too optimistic. For the fiscal year ended last month, the government has set a target of 1.2 percent growth.

Destination Marketing Report Essay

When selling a destination image is everything. A destination is all about image. If people can crack the motivation for a place as a destination they would make fortune. This answer will firstly discuss the image of what exactly a destination is. Perceived images such as those seen on a picture perfect postcard can generate money. Both urban and rural tourism try to recreate this and sell the destination as a product. This will be analysed secondly. Middleton (2001) defines a destination as the focus for a range of activities and a range of facilities required to support those activities. In other words the facilities in an area that act as pull factors to the tourist to attract them into the area. There are five main components to what destination is. The five components Middleton refers to are attractions and environment, destination facilities and services, accessibility of the destination and the price of the destination. Any person who comes into the destination whether it is for a day visit or overnight stay can be impacted by any of these components. Gibson and Neilson (2000) refer to assessing price based on the functional, quality, operational, financial and personal benefits. If a place is a certain price the tourist may view the destination as high status. The components that make up a destination can also act as the motivators for the destination. Natural attractions such as the sea and mountains which make up a destination can act as a physical motivator for the destination. The facilities and services which make up a destination can sell the destination as a cultural experience such as the restaurants and bars. Middleton (2001) refers that it is important to note that a destination is  not totally restricted to travel for leisure or pleasure. Other reasons include interpersonal reasons such as to be with friends and family or to escape, business reasons, conferences or union meetings and spiritual reasons. It can be noted that due to globalisation, distance is shorted and the world has shrunk therefore many destinations will all have the same assets and components this has led to the development of destinations as products. A destination as a product is trying to structure the tourist gaze otherwise the tourist may look the other way. Selling a destination as a product requires strong marketing strategies to be in place. However Middleton (2001) contradicts this statement when he suggests that not all visits to a destination are influenced by marketing activities. An example is people travelling by car privately to meet family and friends. Selling a destination as a product can give a place a competitive advantage. To do this Javalgi, Thomas & Rao (1992) suggest that it is important to market a destination based on how people will perceive the destination. As Pike (2005) refers to a place name by itself is not sufficient to sell a product as a destination. As a product a destination must try to appeal to everyone. There are many good ways a destination can be sold as a product. It can use the destinations assets the Physical motivators, cultural motivators, interpersonal reasons, business reasons, status and spiritual reasons. It can use symbols, infrastructure, growth and enterprise to market or the cultural cachet of throwing everything at the tourist. A destination as a product is multi dimensional. Middleton refers to a destination as not just one product but being based on three levels the core product, the tangible product and the augmented product. The view of the destination as one of these products will be relevant when establishing which way to market the product. This answer examined the notion of a destination as a product. It concluded that five elements make up a destination. A destination as a product must aim to be innovative, creative, proactive and competitive. It noted as a product it must try to appeal to as many people as possible and give the destination a competitive advantage. Part B Limerick city has many merits in terms of destination marketing. The area has a major asset with the river Shannon. The bridges in the city act as an area for viewing this scenery. The city has many well known landmarks and history which we saw while on the walking tour such as King John’s castle, Kings Island and the Georgian house and garden. The city has many hotels which are high in quality. The tangible aspect of this is the design of the hotels and the intangible aspects include the quality of service they provide, their reputation and their image. Limerick provides a range of different brochures to promote themselves and each contain picture perfect photos. The majority of these are free to tourists. The tourist office is open all year round to provide these and provide tourists with information. The use of branding and slogans seem to have a positive effect or the region. The slogan the spirit of Shannon for the time of your life is effective for overseas visitor as it makes reference to the river Shannon which is well known world wide. Branding helps link identity overtime. Limerick has a number of cultural merits to the location. The Hunt museum helps understand how people lived years ago form the different art and antiquity located there. Locals can also benefit form the Hunt museum as it is very educational. A major merit to the area is Shannon airport. This provides tourists with accessibility to the destination easily. The city has successful  infrastructure in and out of it with roads, airport, railway and marina. Transport is plentiful in and out of the city itself with numerous buses and trains accessing it. Taxi’s are also readily available. There are also a number of demerits in terms of destination marketing in Limerick. The signage in the city is quite poor. The tourist may have difficulty finding attractions. There is only one major built attraction the hunt museum. This is the cities main attraction which would only appeal to a certain number of people. It has an emphasis on education and heritage. This appears to be a problem with Limerick that it is over dependant on history and folklore there is no real main social attraction. They could put more emphasis on other facilities such as sports school, craft course, cycle hire and language schools to market the destination. Heritage is becoming mire old stream it i s no longer the power player that it used to be to attract people to a destination. A major demerit with Limerick city is the mental pictures created of Limerick city as a rough destination. It is in the news on a regular basis due to anti social behaviour, gang land violence and gun crime. In neighbouring Nenagh I was told in the cafe â€Å" They’d shoot you in Limerick† This gives a representation of the way some people view Limerick. This host of little images can turn people away Perceived images of Limerick can build up a bad image of a place that you may never have been to.

Farewell School

The last day in our school life is an indelible memory with sweet memories of our school life. It is a record of pleasant memories that occupy a special place in our life. Though it is a traditional affair, it has a very deep impact on the students who are leaving their â€Å"alma mater† after a period of studies there. The memories of my school farewell day still linger in my mind with ever fresh emotions. The Farewell Day It is a day of excitement. I am going to have different way of life. So far, for the past twelve years of high school studies, everyday it dawned with the thoughts of studies and home work.But from tomorrow onwards I will have different kinds of thoughts and burdens. No homework of writing pages of answers. My friends Mani, Kumar, Saru and Joe will have different plans which I may not be able to join. I may not be able to spend hours and hours with them in combined study. This very thought about them brought tears in my eyes. Farewell Party My teachers and the school authorities have arranged for a farewell party. I remember the party of the of the previous year, when our seniors handed over the lighting candles symbolically asking us to keep up the tradition of the school and bring glory and fame to the school and students.They loved us and wept bitterly when they passed on the light to us. But I could not meet any of them afterwards. That is the beauty of life. To meet, to love and then to depart! Is it the fate of life? On the day of the farewell party we exchanged our feelings and emotions and the party came to an end with some light snacks. Farewell To Our Teachers I still remember the farewell advice given by the head of our school. It should be the â€Å"Magna Charta† of every student. It suits all ages though it is quoted from the Taittireya Upanishad, a part of the Vedas. More about  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Farewell to Manzanar† here.This advice had been passed on from generation to generation. The fifteen points he mentioned should be followed by every student. The Fifteen Points of Taittireya, Upanishad These fifteen points were mentioned every year in the farewell talk of our school. It is an advice to a student who finishes his learning at the feet of a Guru staying with him day and night for a number of years away from his home. It is a way of life prescribed by the ancient Vedas for the uplift of humanity. Here are those fifteen points. 1) Always speak the truth. Only truth prevails.Truth can protect you from every evil. 2) Follow the Dharma of life. Every walk of life has its own duties or Dharma. The Dharma that you follow will become the Karma of your life and lead you to eternity. 3) Study something daily. That should become a habit of life. 4) Everyday learn something new. Share your knowledge daily with others. Knowledge not shared is a mere waste. Only by sharing and discussing it can be improved. It gives you more and more enlightenment. 5) Don't commit anything untrue. It will lead you to darkness. This stresses the importance of Truth. ) Don't step on anything which is against Dharma. It is nothing but suicide. 7) Give your Guru or the teacher his due. Don't disappoint him in any way. He may not be avaricious in getting from you. It is not fitting for a Guru to go after wealth. Even a handful of grain given by you with all your heart may please him. 8) Extend your generation either by marrying a fitting lady or having a good group of disciples. Through your children and through your disciples you can promote your knowledge. 9) Do everything to save your immortal soul. You are free now.There may not be any Guru to guide you hereafter. But if you lead a careless life and lose your soul what will be the ultimate benefit? 10) Earn wealth enough for your existence. Spend your wealth diligently without wasting. Wealth is necess ary for life; but wealth is not all life. 11) May your mother be your visible god. â€Å"Matru deva bava†. Respect to maternity is very important because the mother bears you in her womb. 12) In the same way father has he right of your respect. Their blessing will be a cause of flourishing in all your generations. They are not to be thrown away in their old age. 3) Your ancestors have to be commemorated on certain days and sacrifices are to be offered. 14) â€Å"Acharadevabava† means elders have to be respected. Reverence to parents, teachers and elders is the channel of grace and fortune. 15) â€Å"Athithidevabava' means treating guests and the needy with reverence as they are the images of Almighty. The farewell day of my school life and the message I got on that day are still directing my life to success. Education is not a means of finding a job or spending some years in a place. It is the blossoming of personality into fullness!

Five Moral Dimensions Of The Information Essay

1.The Moral Dimensions of Information Systems The moral dimensions that can control the major ethical and social concerns generated by information systems are as follows: (i) Information Right and Obligation What information rights do individuals and organizations possess with respect to themselves? What can they protect? What obligation do individuals and organization have concerning this information? (ii) Property Rights and Obligations How will traditional intellectual property rights be protected in a digital society in which tracing and accounting forownership is difficult and ignoring such property rights is so easy? (iii) Accounting Liability and Control Determining who should take responsibility for decisions and actions. Many of the laws and court decisions and actions establishing precedents in the area of accountability, liability and control were firmly in place long before information systems were invented. (iv) Quality of System This has to do with data quality and system errors. As werely more on information systems, data quality issues are gaining more importance. These issues affect you as a consumer and as a user. (v) Quality of Life An interesting quality of life issue that affects more and more people personally is the ability to work from home. Before the advent of  information systems most people used to have a regular day job 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m., five days a week in a typical office setting in our society. But with the introduction of information systems people can work seven days a week, all hours of the day, at home and on their wayse specially the management staff in a company. Also, the quality of life issues would be incomplete without mentioning online love affairs. People also lose their jobs and ways of life because of information systems. All these are valid concerns of information systems. 2.Ethical Analysis This section presents various step processes of how one should analyze ethical concerns when confronted with such asituation: (i) Identify and Clearly Describe the Facts This involves finding out who did what to whom, and where; when and how. In most cases, you will be astonished of them is takes in the initially reported facts, and you will find that simply getting the facts straight helps in defining the solution. Also, this assists other opposing parties involved in an ethical quandary to agree with the facts. (ii) State the Inconsistency and Identify the Higher-Order Values Involved The parties involved in disputes over ethical, social and political concerns always claim to pursue higher values such as privacy, freedom and protection of property. It is very important to clearly define the conflict in ethical concerns and identify the ones with higher values. (iii) Identify the Stakeholders You must find out the identity of the stakeholders as every ethical, social and political issues have stakeholders; players in the game who have an interest in the outcome and that have invested in the situation and what they want. (iv) Identify the Reasonable Options to Select It may be discovered that none of the options may ever satisfy all the interest involved while some of the options performs a better job than others. So, sometimes concluding at a good or ethical solution may not always be a balancing of consequences to stakeholders. 3.Property rights and obligations trade secrets copyright patent law Trade secrets are any intellectual work or product used for a business purpose that can be classified as belonging to that business. Copyright protects the creators of a property against copying by others for any purpose during the life of the author. Patent law grants the owner an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.

Dino Death Trap

The film â€Å"Dino Death Trap† at the National Geographic Channel is documentary movie which provides information about extraordinary fossil found in Gobi Desert. Therefore, the actions in the film took place millions of years ago. The scientists are showed to be quite surprised when finding fossils in the middle of China. They claimed that petrified bones of fossils belonged to unknown species.Moreover, they were in odd positions layered on each other in one single rock. Researchers said that two of the found creatures belonged to same specie being the ancestors of Tyrannosaurus rex, but they were entailed with more usable forearms and pliable claws, whereas Tyrannosaurus rex was two-fingered flippers which were completely useless. Those fossils had delicate crest on their heads which were likely to be used for protection and butting.Nevertheless, the scientists look surprised because the fossils were likely to provide collective link to Jurassic Park. It is known that after Jurassic dinosaurs were of massive size, whereas before that period they were relatively small. In other words, dinosaurs before Jurassic were of turkey’s size. The God Desert provided certain answers, as we see in the film. One of the most interesting creatures is the crested feller which scientists called ‘crested dragon’.Scientists argued that fossil appeared to be the missing evolutionary link between the parts of Jurassic period. Other found species allowed researchers to follow evolutionary tree, but pterodactyl and stegosaurus proved to be a mystery to be solved. Scientists wondered what had caused dinosaurs to die at the same time. Scientists believed that the found fossils would shed more light on how dinosaurs evolutionary grew to be larger.

Boldwoods Christmas party Essay Example for Free

Boldwood’s Christmas party Essay Bathsheba Everdene is the main character in a Thomas Hardy novel called â€Å"Far From the Madding Crowd†. Which is set in Wessex. Bathsheba’s character is along with many other things decisive, brisk, vain, businesslike, and independent. However you see her evolve throughout the book, mainly as a result of her marriage to Frank Troy. At the beginning of the story Hardy seems to focus on her bad qualities, though you still see people wishing to be married to her. Some good qualities are shown as well like her thoughtful response to save Gabriel’s life. This trait is mentioned in chapter one, almost everything else follows on from this. Vanity affects the way she behaves in a powerful way. Her vanity makes her annoyed and angry at not attracting Boldwood’s attention. When she meets Frank Troy he plays up to her vanity by paying her compliments and showing her flirtatious affection. By the end of the story she shows that she has grown out of or overcome her vanity. Instead of wanting to stand out and have everyone looking at her, at Boldwood’s Christmas party, she dresses down and wants to merge into the background. You can also see she is not vain because when Boldwood praises her beauty the comments have no effect. Her life experiences have caused this change in her. The main life experience is her marriage to Frank Troy which affected her the most. She transforms from a confident character to a submissive and introverted figure she becomes less and less like her usual self. The first sign you see of independence is fairly near the beginning in chapter three, when we see her riding the horse. Instead of doing it the conventional ladylike way we see her lie flat on her back on top of the horse’s back. This could be showing her independence and unconventional behaviour, this would tie in with an independent spirit â€Å"too wild†. She likes to have independence so later on in the story when this is taken away from her we see her rely on Gabriel Oak. She always had her own independence, but when she got married she lost that independence and we see her seek advice and help from Gabriel Oak. At one point in the story she rejects Gabriel’s advice, but later on in chapter fifty four she asks for it. This shows a big change in her personality. She once would have done her own thing and maybe even sacked Gabriel for his ‘advice’ whereas she now values both him and his opinion. Her independence continues to be shown throughout the rest if the story, even after her marriage to Frank Troy. Independence along with confidence is showed when she goes to the corn market and is the only woman there. Another characteristic shown is confidence with businesslike skills. An example of this would be when she takes it upon herself to sack her bailiff. â€Å"I have formed a resolution to have no bailiff at all†. Bathsheba’s confidence continues to be shown with her decision to pay the workers herself in chapter ten. Bathsheba has a lot of confidence in herself. â€Å"In short I shall astonish you all†. This is said shortly after her decision to have no bailiff when she is convincing the staff that she can manage. The speech shows her self-confidence shining and her belief in her own ability. Towards the end of the novel we see her find an even balance between the overconfidence which she showed through the beginning of the novel which made her appear full of herself, compared with when she had little or no confidence and relied on Frank Troy, to finally become a person who can cope on her own but realises she cannot do everything to the best of her ability without assistance. Before we see her lose her self confidence she shows she believes in herself by going to the Corn Market, making her the only woman present. One thing bothers Bathsheba; the fact that Boldwood is the only person who does not take notice of her. This lack of attention shows us how she craves to be the centre of attention; you could even go as far as calling her an attention seeker. She will do silly antics in an attempt to attract people’s attention. For example the Valentine’s Day card. Bathsheba tries to make herself popular with everyone especially men; this seems to be her biggest desire. In chapter thirteen she mischievously sends a Valentine card to Boldwood to attract his attention. This starts Bathsheba’s change. She wants people to notice her and does not sit around waiting she takes action for herself. The sending of the Valentines card shows her vain characteristic. A big characteristic she shows throughout is impulsiveness, she does things without thinking. The Valentine’s Day card is an example of this; another example of this earlier in the book is when she chases Gabriel Oak after he had been wrongly informed that many men wanted her hand in marriage; though she did not want to accept his proposal. She did not think that her actions would show this until after the conversation her and Gabriel had. Many of her actions are on impulse she doesn’t think things through first. Later on however she takes time to think about Fanny’s grave and she decides to clean it up and replant the bulbs on it. This also shows she can be selfless. When Gabriel gives her advice early in the novel she decides she doesn’t like what he has to say. She sacks him whilst she was angry and acting highly impulsively. This demonstrates how she doesn’t want to face the truth even though she values his opinion; later in the novel after the â€Å"drowning† of Frank Troy she relents asking him for his thoughts. Boldwood’s Christmas party. (2017, Oct 01). 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Environmental Policy Analysis Paper - Deforestation Research

Environmental Policy Analysis - Deforestation - Research Paper Example According to statistics, about 2-3 hectares of forestland is destroyed for agricultural purposes annually. In addition to the commercial use of the forest, ranching has also led to an increase in the deforestation process. Deforestation has also been due to livestock operations, which has led to increase in small-scale farming, since land devoted for annual crops production is converted to pasture due to low yields. According to Wood and Porro (25), the Brazilian Environmental Policy being discussed in this paper mainly addresses mechanisms for reducing deforestation without affecting economical development in the Amazon region. For example, the policy deals with introducing practices that would reduce deforestation through either slashing or burning. The economic and environmental impacts of the policy are mainly targeted on technological changes in the agricultural sector in the region. Some of the new technology would have both negative and positive effects on the environment as w ell as economical situation. This is because the new technology might emit gasses in the air and make many farmers lose their source of income. The policy also seeks to update the physical infrastructure in the region, and the effects of lower transportation costs would make the area more accessible (Wood and Porro 30). This would reduce costs by reducing transportation expense for transporting goods and people from one area to another. The other effect of the policy is reducing the macro-economic impact of shocks such as currency devaluation on the movement of agriculture in the region. Balancing environmental sustainability and reducing poverty levels is always a problem in any region, hence the need to identify a policy that would be able to provide basic needs without affecting or destroying the natural environment (Wood and Porro 39). This necessitates the provision of an alternative to slashing and burning for agriculture. Even though the government removed policies that advoc ated for land clearing, the rate of deforestation has not reduced in the area. Therefore, to mitigate the effects of deforestation there was a need to come up with a model that would facilitate the Brazilian economic policy changes and improve land tenure regimes in the region. The model would also ensure the adoption of new agricultural policies such as adoption of new farming tenure systems that would take into consideration growing of perennial crops rather than annual crops. In addition to the improvement of infrastructure in the region, the policy seeks to reduce currency devaluation and align it with the new system, and provide fiscal methods to reduce the rate of deforestation (Wood and Porro 45). Regulating the land tenure system is one of the best options for reducing deforestation since most instances of deforestation occurred in the hands of foresters who acquired informal land tenure. By introducing new land tenures, the government is reclaiming the land and removing the incentives for deforestation, which would effectively reduce deforestation by 23 percent per year. Advancement in agricultural development would play a vital role in agricultural advancement and reduce deforestation (Wood and Porro 46). Due to improvement in livestock production, the returns of agricultural activities would increase, which would in turn improve food security. However, in the long-run, deforestation would increase as

Market Position Analysis of Yum Brand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words - 1

Market Position Analysis of Yum Brand - Essay Example According to the company website, Yum Brand is adjudged as the world’s largest fast-food restaurant in the world in terms of the total number of operating units. With a staggering figure of 40,000 restaurants and presence in more than 130 countries of the world, the global sales figures of Yum increasing at a robust rate (Yum, 2013). Â  Since the spin-off from PepsiCo in the year 1997, the company has truly become a global company. The assets skyrocketed from $4,531m to 9,011m in the global restaurant industry (Global Business Browser, 2014). For the 36 weeks ended 07 September 2013, its revenues reduced by 6% to $8.91b and net income decreased 39% to $770m (Interim report, 2013). The company always aims at entering countries which have strong market potential and implements relevant operational strategies which allow them to surmount a different kind of market challenges. Yum Brands have experienced growth by focusing on the foreign markets such as China, India, and Brazil to name a few. Â  Some of the key competitors of the firm are McDonald's, Burger King, Subway and Dunkin Donuts among others. The company is also known for its philanthropic activities across the globe and has always received respect from the society. For example, the company offers employment opportunities to the unprivileged segment of the society. Though it is facing the decline in sales and profits, reports have suggested that the macroeconomic environment has always remained strong for the Yum Brands, especially in the overseas markets (Cho, 2012). According to Global Business Browser (2013), the restaurant's industry all over the world increased by 8.5% in 2011 to reach a value of $2,457.1b and it is expected to increase by 41.7% to $3,482.5b by 2016. The company anticipates that the in the next 8-10 years, the rising incomes will continue to unfold and will allow millions of people to afford fast foods from Yum Brands (Cho, 2012).

Curriculum questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Curriculum questions - Coursework Example According to the chosen standards documents, the analysis process is highly focused on few major aspects including curriculum documentation process, situation resulted in the development phase primary purposes and organizing process of the contents, implementation process of the curriculum and evaluation of the learning outcomes, and identifying strengths and limitations of the curriculum (Parkway Central Middle School, 2013). The limitations that have been recognized in the curriculum documentation process are the inability to define the key roles and significance of the curriculum critically along with its transaction. Moreover, problems associated with exploring syllabuses and their association with the ESOL standards is observed as a major limitation of the curriculum analysis (Posner, 1995). During the development phase of the curriculum, the project team is involved in various situations. In this regard, the superintendent makes the curriculum development project. The superintendent is accountable for generating effective set of cast characters associated with the curriculum standards and accordingly, supervise their roles. Few of the major cast characters associated with the development phase of the curriculum include Assistant Superintendent of Teaching and Learning; Assistant Superintendent of Student Services; Human Resources Consultant; Chief, Communication, Information and Financial Officers. The key cast characters in the curriculum development project are affiliated with the curriculum standards in English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL). According to the curriculum development project for 6-8 grade, the Assistant Superintendents of both teaching and student services are responsible to identify the required set of curriculum activities that can address t he needs of the first grade learners. Moreover, they are also accountable to

Vedio Analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vedio Analyze - Essay Example The company has strived to maintain a corporate culture that fosters creativity and innovation. In that respect, it has fostered an environment that acknowledges good performances by employees. The Human Resources department has played a critical role in ensuring that these demands are met, through establishment of relationships. This approach prepares leaders and managers to deal with various extraordinary situations that may arise. There are various laws that prohibit various forms of discrimination in the United States. By adhering to these standards, the company has been able to meet its strategic objectives as well as customer requirements (Nickels, 2013). Determination of human resource needs takes place through a 5-step process. The first involves preparation of an inventory of its employees. Secondly, the company needs to analyse what different jobs entail. Thirdly, the company needs to examine future demands on the human resource. Subsequently, it should examine supply of th e required labour. This is required for prior training of staff, thus acquiring a competitive advantage. Finally, a strategic plan for hiring should be established (Nickels, 2013). The hiring process involves pre-screening and interviews that assess skills, while emphasising a cultural fit for the candidate, with the company. This fit is important for enhancing the company’s leadership, through organic development. ... Similarly, mentors are useful for guiding staffs that have lesser experiences at the workplace. Performance appraisals are useful for determining the right levels of compensation needed for retaining staff and boosting their motivation levels. This may be done through salaries, bonuses, stock options and other perquisites such as fringe benefits. The staffs are, therefore, able to focus on creative and innovation needed for success at work (Nickels, 2013). The key challenge in human resource management in the United States is attracting and retaining skilled talent in the organization. The country has experienced a shift from a manufacturing economy to service-based. As a result, there has been growing a demand for skilled graduates in high-tech jobs such as software engineering. However, the problem lies in capturing and retaining them. To lure such talent, HR managers need to create several benefits. For example, they need to develop good compensation schemes that appeal to the tal ent. This is also necessary for retaining the talent. The difficulties in attraction and retaining of skilled employees may be attributed to a variety of reasons. Firstly, there may have been limited effort in determining future trends in the labor market. As a result, HR managers within the organization were unable to develop means of acquiring or developing talent in the organization. As a result, the organizations are left with limited access to skilled workers in the market. Secondly, development of compensation schemes is difficult due to financial needs. It is important to note that modern labor markets are characterised by competitive salaries and other forms of compensation. Companies focused on cost-cutting may not be able to capture the interest